{"id":27480,"date":"2015-09-19T12:50:27","date_gmt":"2015-09-19T12:50:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dev2.atlatszo.exot.hu\/?p=27480"},"modified":"2019-07-19T13:32:47","modified_gmt":"2019-07-19T13:32:47","slug":"azomures-polueaza-autoritatile-dau-din-umeri-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atlatszo.ro\/ro\/romana\/azomures-polueaza-autoritatile-dau-din-umeri-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Azomure\u015f polueaz\u0103, autorit\u0103\u0163ile dau din umeri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Poluarea produs\u0103 de combinat a devenit subiect de discu\u021bie \u00een T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219 doar \u00een ultimii ani. Oamenii protesteaz\u0103 degeaba: compania func\u021bioneaz\u0103 pe baza unei autoriza\u0163ii de mediu emis\u0103 \u00een 2007, care practic \u00eei permite s\u0103-\u015fi continue activitatea poluant\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul anului 2015.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00cen Ardeal ai parte mereu de un cer senin \u0219i limpede, dar dac\u0103 mergi cu ma\u0219ina pe E60, drumulul care leag\u0103 Clujul de Mure\u0219, de la Ungheni te \u00eent\u00e2mpin\u0103 o cea\u021b\u0103 fin\u0103, abia vizibil\u0103.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cum ne apropiem de ora\u015f, vizibilitatea scade din ce \u00een ce mai mult. Trec\u00e2nd de aeroport, sim\u0163im cum ochii \u015fi mucoasele ni se irit\u0103 de la aceast\u0103 cea\u0163\u0103 stranie, care de fapt nu e cea\u021b\u0103, ci fumul combinatului<\/a> chimic<\/a> Azomure\u0219<\/a>, fum ce con\u021bine mai ales amoniac, oxiduri de azot \u0219i praf.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cen timpul comunismului, Combinatul Chimic Azomure\u0219 a fost declarat obiectiv de importan\u021b\u0103 strategic\u0103. De\u0219i co\u0219urile \u0219i fumul degajat din ele se vedeau din dep\u0103rtare, nimeni nu putea vorbi atunci despre poluarea produs\u0103 de mamutul industrial ce se \u00eentinde pe 126 de ha \u0219i se afl\u0103 la doar 4 km dep\u0103rtare de centrul ora\u0219ului Mure\u0219.<\/span><\/p>\n

Afacere bun\u0103<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Poluarea produs\u0103 de combinat a devenit subiect de discu\u021bie \u00een T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219 doar \u00een ultimii ani. Dezbaterea public\u0103 este justificat\u0103 de faptul c\u0103 \u00een prezent uzina se afl\u0103 \u00een proprietate elve\u021bian\u0103, \u015fi are un<\/a> profit<\/a> important<\/a>. Datele<\/a> de pe pagina Ministerului Finan\u021belor arat\u0103 c\u0103 \u00een 2014 firma avut un profit net de 32 milioane euro la o cifr\u0103 de afaceri de 380 milioane de euro.<\/span><\/p>\n

Un alt argument folosit des este acela c\u0103 intreprinderea industrial\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 func\u021bioneze pentru c\u0103 este un angajator important. Cu toate acestea, argumentul nu pare unul solid pentru c\u0103 proprietarul elve\u0163ian a externalizat<\/a> un num\u0103r de activit\u0103\u0163i. Dac\u0103 ini\u021bial erau 2600 de angaja\u021bi, num\u0103rul lor a sc\u0103zut la 1600. \u00cen tot acest timp, 130 de mii de mure\u015feni sunt expu\u0219i la poluare constant\u0103, iar autorit\u0103\u0163ile par legate de m\u00e2ini.<\/span><\/p>\n

Compania func\u021bioneaz\u0103 pe baza unei autoriza\u0163ii<\/a> de<\/a> mediu<\/a> emis\u0103 \u00een 2007, care practic \u00eei permite s\u0103-\u015fi continue activitatea poluant\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul anului 2015. Situa\u0163ia e complicat\u0103 \u015fi mai mult de faptul c\u0103 autorit\u0103\u0163ile au la \u00eendem\u00e2n\u0103 pu\u0163ine m\u0103sur\u0103tori care s\u0103 arate clar c\u0103 Azomure\u015ful \u00eencalc\u0103 legea.<\/span><\/p>\n

Politica deja a v\u0103zut oportunitatea<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Sfera politic\u0103 a \u00eenceput s\u0103 exploateze nemul\u021bumirea locuitorilor \u0219i atitudinea pasiv\u0103 a autorit\u0103\u021bilor de mediu \u0219i le-au transformat \u00een subiecte de campanie pentru alegerile locale din 2016. De exemplu, UDMR anun\u021b\u0103 organizarea unui referendum privind activitatea Azomure\u0219, primarul Dorin Florea militeaz\u0103<\/a> pentru \u00eenchiderea combinatului, iar Gra\u0163iela Gavrilescu, Ministrul Mediului, Apelor \u015fi P\u0103durilor a discutat de cur\u00e2nd la T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219 situa\u021bia combinatului.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cen 1998, combinatul a fost cump\u0103rat de compania Transworld Fertilizers Holding din Turcia, iar \u00een 2013 firma elve\u021bian\u0103 Ameropa<\/a> Holding<\/a> AG<\/a> a devenit noul proprietar al Azomure\u015f (istoricul firmei poate fi accesat aici<\/a>). Valoarea tranzac\u0163iei a fost de 54 milioane de euro.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Combinatul<\/a>
Combinatul pe Google Earth<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Prime\u015fte derogare la aderarea la UE<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Anul 2007 este unul important \u00een via\u0163a combinatului. \u00cen cursul negocierii ader\u0103rii Rom\u0103niei, compania este inclus\u0103 pe lista firmelor ce primesc derogare p\u00e2n\u0103 la 31 decembrie 2015 pentru a se conforma la dispozi\u0163iile Directivei 96\/61\/CE, cunoscut sub numele de Directiva<\/a> privind<\/a> prevenirea<\/a> \u015fi<\/a> controlul<\/a> integrat<\/a> al<\/a> polu\u0103rii<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Altfel spus, combinatul a sc\u0103pat de \u00eenchiderea imediat\u0103, \u015fi beneficiaz\u0103 de o perioad\u0103 de tranzi\u0163ie de 8 ani ca s\u0103-\u015fi modernizeze<\/a> utilajele<\/a> \u015fi procesele de produc\u0163ie. \u00cen prezent, o mare parte din produc\u0163ia combinatului se bazeaz\u0103 pe tehnologia anilor ’60 \u015fi ’70 \u0219i nu poate respecta nivelurile maxime admise ale emisiilor de substan\u021be poluante.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nu este vorba doar de o simpl\u0103 \u00eenlocuire a unor filtre: trebuiesc schimbate o mare parte din utilaje.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dealtfel \u00een autoriza\u0163ia de mediu emis\u0103 \u00een 2007, proprietarul \u00ee\u015fi asum\u0103 obliga\u0163ia de a investi<\/a> 170 milioane de euro pentru a-\u015fi reduce emisiile la nivelurile cerute de UE p\u00e2n\u0103 cel t\u00e2rziu 1 ianuarie 2016. Aceste lucr\u0103ri de modernizare se deruleaz\u0103 \u00een prezent.<\/span><\/p>\n

Niciodat\u0103 poluarea nu a fost at\u00e2t de mare<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00cen paralel cu lucr\u0103rile de modernizare, se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 \u015fi altceva \u00een combinat. Mure\u015fenii pe care i-am intervievat pe parcursul document\u0103rii afirm\u0103 c\u0103 niciodat\u0103 mirosul de amoniac nu a fost at\u00e2t de puternic ca anul acesta.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u201cAm crescut privind steaua ro\u015fie de pe fa\u0163ada prefecturii \u015fi hornurile combinatului. Pe vremea comunismului, iar dup\u0103 aceea prin anii ’90 mirosul parc\u0103 nu era at\u00e2t de deranjant.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cine s-ar fi g\u00e2ndit c\u0103 la 25 de ani dup\u0103 c\u0103derea comunismului ajungem s\u0103 avem vizibilitate de 1-1,5 km la T\u00e2rgu Mure\u015f\u201d \u2013 poveste\u015fte jovial Cristian V\u00e2ntu, un medic de aproximativ 40 de ani. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Acum c\u00e2\u0163iva ani, V\u00e2ntu a \u00eenfiin\u0163at un<\/a> grup<\/a> \u00eempotriva polu\u0103rii Azomure\u015fului pe Facebook. La \u00eenceput, doar c\u00e2\u0163iva prieteni f\u0103ceau parte din grup; mai t\u00e2rziu, num\u0103rul membrilor s-a stabilizat undeva la 2500. Dar anul acesta, pe parcursul a dou\u0103 luni, din iunie p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een august, num\u0103rul membrilor a ajuns la 10 mii. Membri dau share nu doar la linkuri si fotografii: protestul se concretizeaz\u0103 pe zi ce trece.<\/span><\/p>\n

Se organizeaz\u0103 protestul \u00eempotriva polu\u0103rii<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ini\u0163iativele au ajuns s\u0103 fie coordonate de c\u0103tre speciali\u015fti. Au trimis deja o peti\u0163ie<\/a> lui Karmenu Vella, Comisarului European pentru Mediu, iar Agen\u021bia European\u0103 de Mediu are o anchet\u0103 \u00een derulare privind poluarea de la T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219.<\/span><\/p>\n

Activi\u0219tii de pe Facebook au formulat o alt\u0103 peti\u0163ie<\/a> c\u0103tre Ministerul Mediului \u015fi a P\u0103durilor, iar \u00een data de 13 august a avut loc un protest \u00een fa\u0163a prefecturii. La r\u00e2ndul lor, locuitorii din zon\u0103 sunt tot mai activi. Garda de Mediu Mure\u015f a primit anul acesta un num\u0103r record de 160 de sesiz\u0103ri.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cen acest grup Facebook exist\u0103 a gam\u0103 \u00eentreag\u0103 de p\u0103reri despre ce se poate face \u00eempotriva polu\u0103rii. Nici ac\u0163iunile de protest nu sunt \u00een mod obligatoriu coordonate \u2013 exist\u0103 anumite chestiuni \u00een care liderii se pun de acord, dar dac\u0103 nu se ajunge la un consens, anumite grupule\u0163e se pot organiza \u015fi separat.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Fumul<\/a>
Fumul ce iese din hornurile combinatului se oglinde\u015fte \u00een apa iazului batal (apa din iaz a fost nu demult drenat\u0103). Foto: K\u00f3sa Istv\u00e1n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Opri\u0163i poluarea!<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cEu cred c\u0103 nimeni nu are dreptul s\u0103 cear\u0103 s\u0103 se \u00eenchid\u0103 o firm\u0103\u201d \u2013 spune V\u00e2ntu. \u00cens\u0103 locuitorii pot cere ca autorit\u0103\u0163ile s\u0103 limiteze impactul unei firme asupra mediului. \u201cS\u0103 opreasc\u0103 poluarea. Trebuie \u00eenchis pentru asta combinatul? Asta nu m\u0103 intereseaz\u0103.<\/span><\/p>\n

Eu nu am nici o problem\u0103 cu conducerea Azomure\u015f, ci cu autorit\u0103\u0163ile, pe care eu \u00eei pl\u0103tesc ca s\u0103 aib\u0103 grij\u0103 de s\u0103n\u0103tatea \u015fi calitatea vie\u0163ii mele. Dac\u0103 se poate polua, ei vor polua, asta e logica afacerii.<\/span><\/p>\n

Combinatul nu mai e un obiectiv strategic al statului rom\u00e2n, ci o afacere privat\u0103, care are drepturi, dar are \u015fi obliga\u0163ii. Autorit\u0103\u0163ile au obliga\u0163ia s\u0103 intervin\u0103, \u015fi s\u0103 le spun\u0103 c\u0103 a\u015fa nu se poate\u201d \u2013 spune medicul, ad\u0103ug\u00e2nd c\u0103 de fapt nu efectul asupra s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii a emisiilor \u00eel deranjeaz\u0103 cel mai tare.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u201cEu am dreptul nu numai la un mediu s\u0103n\u0103tos, dar \u015fi la un mediu frumos. Nimeni nu are dreptul s\u0103-mi ia cerul albastru, priveli\u015ftea\u201d \u2013 explic\u0103 V\u00e2ntu pe o teras\u0103 din centrul ora\u015fului. Mai t\u00e2rziu poveste\u015fte c\u0103 se consider\u0103 libertarian, nu simpatizeaz\u0103 nici cu st\u00e2nga, nici cu ecologi\u015ftii.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\"Foto:<\/a>
Foto: K\u00f3sa Istv\u00e1n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Poluarea prime\u015fte und\u0103 verde<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

\u201cToate problemele \u00eencep cu autoriza\u0163ia integrat\u0103 de mediu din 2007. \u00cen aceast\u0103 autoriza\u0163ie exist\u0103 ni\u015fte limite foarte mari. \u015ei p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd Azomure\u015f nu dep\u0103\u015fe\u015fte aceste limite, eu nu pot s\u0103 fac nimic\u201d \u2013 spune Annam\u00e1ria Sz\u00e9kely, comisar-\u015fef la Garda de Mediu Mure\u015f.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Pe biroul comisarului se afl\u0103 o copie a autoriza\u0163iei. Are aproximativ 120 de pagini uzate, iar unele paragrafe relevante sunt marcate minu\u0163ios cu galben \u0163ip\u0103tor. Sz\u00e9kely \u015ftie aprope toate detaliile pe de rost \u0219i nu are nevoie de document.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u0103 ne scufund\u0103m \u00een detalii tehnice<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Dac\u0103 vrem s\u0103 \u00een\u0163elegem de ce autorit\u0103\u0163ile nu pot s\u0103 fac\u0103 mare lucru \u00eempotriva polu\u0103rii, trebuie clarificate dou\u0103 no\u0163iuni de baz\u0103. Emisiile arat\u0103 cantitatea materialelor poluante ce ies pe hornurile combinatului. Imisiile \u00eenseamn\u0103 concentra\u0163ia acestora \u00een atmosfer\u0103.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u0162i-a pl\u0103cut acest articol? Ajut\u0103-ne s\u0103 scriem \u015fi mai multe!<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u00cen autoriza\u0163ia de mediu exist\u0103 un tabel, unde sunt specificate valorile limit\u0103 ale emisiilor, defalcate pe poluan\u0163i \u0219i pe fiecare surs\u0103 de emisie al combinatului. Aceste valori limit\u0103, adunate, echivaleaz\u0103 cu emisiile totale autorizate ale combinatului. De exemplu \u00een cazul amoniacului (NH3), aceste valori adunate dau 495 miligrame\/normal metru cub. <\/span><\/p>\n

Emisiile de substan\u021be toxice sunt ridicate, dar nu sunt ilegale pentru c\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd se negocia integrarea Rom\u00e2niei, Uniunea European\u0103 a fost de acord nivelul acestora. Valorile limit\u0103 se dep\u0103\u015fesc doar c\u00e2nd unele instala\u0163ii sunt oprite \u015fi pornite. Deoarece aceste evenimente sunt considerate procese tehnologice normale, autoriza\u0163ia de mediu stipuleaz\u0103 c\u0103 \u00een aceste cazuri dep\u0103\u015firile nu conteaz\u0103.<\/span><\/p>\n

Amenzi pe un STAS vechi<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Practic nu exist\u0103 temei legal de amendare a combinatului pentru dep\u0103\u015firea valorilor limit\u0103 la emisii, dar situa\u021bia privind concentra\u0163ia materialelor poluante \u00een aer nu este nici ea diferit\u0103. Amoniacul nu este enumerat pe lista poluan\u0163ilor atmosferici \u00een legea<\/a> privind<\/a> calitatea<\/a> aerului<\/a>. Exist\u0103 \u00eens\u0103 un standard de stat vechi, din 1987 (STAS 12574\/1987) unde valoarea limit\u0103 a amoniacului din atmosfer\u0103 e de 0.300 miligrame pe metru cub, la m\u0103sur\u0103tori din 30 \u00een 30 de minute. Acest STAS \u00eens\u0103 nu con\u0163ine nici el sanc\u0163iuni la dep\u0103\u015fire.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u201cAutoriza\u0163ia de mediu, \u00een forma sa actual\u0103, ar fi imposibil de acordat ast\u0103zi\u201d \u2013 rezum\u0103 comisarul \u015fef. \u201cDac\u0103 valoarea limit\u0103 la gardul combinatului e 0.300, atunci e imposibil autorizarea a 495 de miligrame de emisii pe co\u015furi. P\u00e2n\u0103 nu exist\u0103 dep\u0103\u015fire la emisii, combinatul nu are ce s\u0103 fac\u0103 cu imisiile\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Concentra\u0163ia de amoniac din aer depinde foarte mult \u015fi de condi\u0163iile atmosferice. \u00cen cel mai fericit caz, emisiile se ridic\u0103 \u00een atmosfer\u0103, sau v\u00e2ntul sufl\u0103 poluarea \u00een direc\u0163ia opus\u0103 ora\u015fului. Dac\u0103 v\u00e2ntul sufl\u0103 spre ora\u015f, atmosfera este calm\u0103, f\u0103r\u0103 v\u00e2nt, sau presiunea atmosferic\u0103 este ridicat\u0103, atunci poluarea \u201cst\u0103\u201d deasupra ora\u015fului.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u0103sur\u0103tori efectuate de combinat<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Autoriza\u0163ia de mediu men\u021bioneaz\u0103 ca Azomure\u015f trebuie s\u0103 ia \u00een considerare condi\u0163iile atmosferice. Reprezentan\u021bii Azomure\u0219 nu ne-au trimis \u00eenc\u0103 r\u0103spuns la \u00eentreb\u0103rile formulate, dar purt\u0103torul de cuv\u00e2nt al combinatului precizeaz\u0103 urm\u0103toarele: \u201eAdun\u0103m date ca s\u0103 putem r\u0103spunde la setul<\/a> de<\/a> \u00eentreb\u0103ri<\/a> trimise<\/a> \u00een data de 25 august, de aceea v\u0103 rug\u0103m s\u0103 a\u015ftepta\u0163i c\u00e2teva zile pentru r\u0103spuns\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Garda de Mediu crede \u00eens\u0103 c\u0103 Azomure\u015f \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103-\u015fi ajusteze emisiile la condi\u0163iile atmosferice. Dovad\u0103 a acestui lucru e c\u0103 exist\u0103 dep\u0103\u015firi doar \u00een 2% din m\u0103sur\u0103torile din 30 \u00een 30 de minute. Nu e un procent r\u0103u \u2013 a declarat comisarul \u015fef.<\/span><\/p>\n

Autoriza\u0163ia de mediu oblig\u0103 combinatul s\u0103-\u015fi m\u0103soare at\u00e2t emisiile c\u00e2t \u015fi imisiile, \u00eens\u0103 \u00eei permite sa efectueze aceste m\u0103sur\u0103tori cu aparatura proprie \u2013 aparatele se intercalibreaz\u0103 o dat\u0103 pe an.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u201cEste vorba de un laborator acreditat, de aceea eu nu pot dec\u00e2t s\u0103 accept m\u0103sur\u0103torile primite de la Azomure\u015f, nu pot s\u0103 am \u00eendoieli \u00een privin\u0163a acestora\u201d \u2013 ne-a r\u0103spuns Sz\u00e9kely, c\u00e2nd am \u00eentrebat dac\u0103 e posibil ca Azomure\u015ful s\u0103 mai recurg\u0103 c\u00e2teodat\u0103 la trucuri c\u00e2nd \u00ee\u015fi m\u0103soar\u0103 emisiile.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\"Autospeciala<\/a>
Autospeciala cump\u0103rat\u0103 de APM Mure\u015f, parcat\u0103 l\u00e2ng\u0103 Hotel President. Foto: Sipos Zolt\u00e1n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Amenzi de 56 mii de euro anul acesta<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Acest standard de stat din 1987 reprezint\u0103 singura posibilitate pentru autorit\u0103\u0163i de a amenda combinatul. \u201cLa \u00eenceput, combinatul a contestat aceste amenzi. Dar dup\u0103 ce a pierdut fiecare caz, acum pl\u0103te\u015fte\u201d \u2013 a explicat comisarul \u015fef. \u00centre 2010 \u015fi 2014, amenzile au totalizat 755 mii de lei (170 mii de euro). Anul acesta Azomure\u015f a primit patru amenzi totaliz\u0103nd 250 mii de lei (56 mii de euro). <\/span><\/p>\n

Un praf fin acoper\u0103 autospeciala Agen\u0163iei pentru Protec\u0163ia Mediului Mure\u015f parcat\u0103 nu departe de combinat, l\u00eeng\u0103 Hotel President. Aceast\u0103 autospecial\u0103 este dotat\u0103 cu aparatur\u0103 de ultim\u0103 or\u0103, capabil\u0103 s\u0103 m\u0103soare concentra\u0163ia de amoniac din aer. Se vede c\u0103 ma\u015fina nu a fost mi\u015fcat\u0103 de c\u00e2tva timp: ro\u0163ile \u00eei sunt dezumflate pe jum\u0103tate.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cAgen\u0163ia pentru Protec\u0163ia Mediului Mure\u015f acolo a reu\u015fit s\u0103 m\u0103soare cele mai multe dep\u0103\u015firi\u201d \u2013 ne explic\u0103 Sz\u00e9kely.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u201cAcolo avem acces la curent\u201d \u2013 motiveaz\u0103 \u00eentr-un mod practic D\u0103nu\u0163 \u015etef\u0103nescu amplasamentul autospecialei. Directorul APM Mure\u015f d\u0103 impresia func\u0163ionarului tipic, oarecum blazat \u015fi obosit.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Totul se va schimba de anul viitor?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cDin 1 ianuarie 2016, vorbim cu totul alt\u0103 limb\u0103\u201d \u2013 promite \u015etef\u0103nescu c\u00e2nd \u00eentreb\u0103m de noua autoriza\u0163ie integrat\u0103 de mediu ce va fi emis\u0103 de autoritatea pe care el \u00eel conduce. Combinatul trebuie s\u0103-\u015fi reduc\u0103 emisiile la jum\u0103tate- o treime ca s\u0103 poat\u0103 \u00eendeplini cerin\u0163ele \u00een vigoare. \u201cO s\u0103 fie un document at\u00e2t de gros\u201d \u2013 ne arat\u0103 cu palma.<\/span><\/p>\n

El consider\u0103 c\u0103 at\u00e2ta timp c\u00e2t autoriza\u021bia este valabil\u0103, poluarea este greu de oprit. \u00cen orice caz, autospeciala agen\u0163iei a m\u0103surat doar \u00een august 151 de dep\u0103\u015firi a concentra\u0163iei de amoniac. Datele au fost trimise c\u0103tre Garda de Mediu.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2nd am \u00eentrebat dac\u0103 cele 151 de dep\u0103\u0219iri \u00eenseamn\u0103 151 de amenzi, comisarul \u0219ef al G\u0103rzii de Mediu a r\u0103spuns c\u0103 \u201cAceast\u0103 limit\u0103 de 0.300 este un STAS din 1987, \u00een afar\u0103 de aceasta, amoniacul nu figureaz\u0103 \u00een nici o lege la nivel UE sau na\u0163ional\u0103 ca \u015fi material ce polueaz\u0103 atmosfera.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Conform autoriza\u021biei de mediu, dep\u0103\u015firile ce se produc la oprire sau pornire a instala\u0163iilor nu se iau \u00een considerare. <\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u201cAm o oprire, ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 10 minute de emisii la horn, dar, dac\u0103 presiunea atmosferic\u0103 este \u00eenalt\u0103, \u00eemi d\u0103 5-6 dep\u0103\u015firi la m\u0103sur\u0103torile din 30 \u00een 30 de minute la imisii. Dar dac\u0103 emisiile sunt legale \u2013 \u015fi \u00een acest caz sunt legale \u2013 eu nu am ce s\u0103 fac cu imisiile\u201d \u2013 explic\u0103 Sz\u00e9kely, ad\u0103ug\u00e2nd: \u201cam putea s\u0103-i d\u0103m \u015futuri dac\u0103 emisiile la func\u0163ionare normal\u0103 ar dep\u0103\u015fi limitele autorizate. Acest lucru \u00eens\u0103 nu se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103. Dup\u0103 p\u0103rerea mea, doar pentru imisii de amoniac nu putem suspenda autoriza\u0163ia integrat\u0103 de mediu a combinatului\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Paragraf disp\u0103rut<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Se discut\u0103 la infinit despre cine poate suspenda autoriza\u021bia de mediu a combinatului. Cu toate acestea, \u00een autoriza\u021bie scrie clar c\u0103 aceasta poate s\u0103 fie suspendat\u0103 de c\u0103tre autoritatea care a emis actul, \u00een cazul \u00een care prevederile autoriza\u021biei nu sunt respectate. \u00cen cazul combinatului este vorba de APM Mure\u0219.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u201cCele 151 de dep\u0103\u015firi din acest an sunt deajuns pentru o suspendare?\u201d \u2013 \u00eel \u00eentreb\u0103m pe directorul APM. \u201cNu \u015ftiu, Garda de Mediu nu mi-a cerut acest lucru\u201d \u2013 r\u0103spunde \u015etef\u0103nescu. \u201cNu pute\u0163i s\u0103 v\u0103 autosesiza\u0163i?\u201d \u2013 continu\u0103m \u00eentrebarea. \u201c\u015ei ce m\u0103sur\u0103 s\u0103 dau? Spune\u0163i-mi \u015fi mie.\u201d \u2013 spune directorul.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Interesant e c\u0103 un paragraf ce le d\u0103 autorit\u0103\u0163ilor dreptul de a \u00eentrerupe temporar activitatea instala\u0163iei pe care se \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 dep\u0103\u015firi a disp\u0103rut atunci c\u00e2nd APM Mure\u015f a revizuit<\/a> autoriza\u0163ia<\/a> de<\/a> mediu<\/a> \u00een 2014.<\/span><\/p>\n

Paragraful 10.1.7 a fost pur \u015fi simplu t\u0103iat, numerotarea paragrafelor care urmeaz\u0103 fiind gre\u015fit\u0103. Aceast\u0103 autoriza\u0163ie integrat\u0103 de mediu revizuit\u0103 a fost semnat\u0103 de c\u0103tre directorul APM Mure\u015f, D\u0103nu\u0163 \u015etef\u0103nescu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Conform r\u0103spunsului primit de APM Mure\u015f, dreptul autorit\u0103\u0163ii competente de a decide \u00eentreruperea temporar\u0103 a activit\u0103\u0163ii instala\u0163iei ce a generat dep\u0103\u015firea valorilor-limit\u0103 nu a fost men\u0163ionat pentru c\u0103 \u00een preambulul autoriza\u0163iei este oricum prev\u0103zut \u201cnerespectarea prevederilor autoriza\u0163iei integrate de mediu atrage dup\u0103 sine suspendarea \u015fi\/sau anularea acesteia, dup\u0103 caz.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Foto:<\/a>
Foto: K\u00f3sa Istv\u00e1n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Prafurile, emisiile de oxizi de azot, mult mai periculoase<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Dintre emisii, amoniacul reprezint\u0103 cel mai mic pericol asupra s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii. Se discut\u0103 at\u00e2t de mult despre amoniac pentru c\u0103 aceast\u0103 substan\u0163\u0103 are un miros specific, greu de confundat. Dar prafurile \u0219i emisiile de oxizi de azot reprezint\u0103 un pericol mult mai mare asupra s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii mure\u015fenilor.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u0162i-a pl\u0103cut acest articol? Ajut\u0103-ne s\u0103 scriem \u015fi mai multe!<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Ministerul Mediului, Apelor \u015fi P\u0103durilor are dou\u0103 instala\u0163ii<\/a> de m\u0103surare a calit\u0103\u0163ii aerului la T\u00e2rgu Mure\u015f. Uneori func\u021bioneaz\u0103, alteori nu. Conform spuselor lui \u015etef\u0103nescu, sta\u0163iile nu mai m\u0103soar\u0103 de mult\u0103 vreme concentra\u0163ia de prafuri \u015fi de oxizi de azot din atmosfer\u0103. Nimeni nu \u015ftie c\u00e2nd vor fi reparate.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dar, chiar dac\u0103 sta\u0163iile ar func\u0163iona f\u0103r\u0103 probleme, datele \u00eenregistrate de aceste ar putea fi folosite cu greu ca \u015fi prob\u0103: cu toate c\u0103 Azomure\u015f e cel mai mare poluator din \u00eemprejurimi, nu este singura surs\u0103 de prafuri \u015fi oxizi de azot. De aceea combinatul le poate ataca \u00een instan\u0163\u0103.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ca \u00eentr-un roman de Kafka<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

\u201cE ca un roman Kafka, \u00ee\u0163i pi\u015fc\u0103 ochii, nu vezi \u00een ora\u015f \u015fi \u0163i se spune c\u0103 m\u0103sur\u0103torile nu arat\u0103 nimic\u201d \u2013 comenteaz\u0103 ironic Cristian V\u00e2ntu. Medicul activist nu \u00een\u0163elege de ce e nevoie de m\u0103sur\u0103tori atunci c\u00e2nd deasupra ora\u015fului parc\u0103 plute\u015fte o ciuperc\u0103, e cea\u0163\u0103, nu se v\u0103d nici dealurile aflate la o distan\u0163\u0103 de 1,5 km.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u201cMul\u0163i \u00eemi spun, doamn\u0103, se vede\u201d \u2013 d\u0103 replica comisarul \u015fef de la Garda de Mediu, continu\u00e2nd: \u201c\u015fi ce s\u0103 scriu \u00een procesul verbal? Am sim\u0163it. Putea ca dracu. P\u00e2n\u0103 nu cuantific\u0103m, avem m\u00e2inile legate. Mai mult, noi depindem de m\u0103sur\u0103torile APM, dac\u0103 ei nu \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 dep\u0103\u015firi, eu nu am ce s\u0103 fac.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Medicii evit\u0103 s\u0103 dea declara\u0163ii<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Nu este clar exact cu c\u00e2t polueaz\u0103 combinatul atmosfera \u0219i exist\u0103 \u0219i mai pu\u0163ine date concrete despre impactul acestor poluan\u0163i asupra s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii. Pe parcursul document\u0103rii, am auzit despre \u00eemboln\u0103viri misterioase de cancer. Mai mult, se spune c\u0103 unii medici sf\u0103tuiesc pacien\u0163ii cu probleme respiratorii acute s\u0103 se mute din ora\u015f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nu am reu\u015fit s\u0103 confirm\u0103m nimic din aceste legende urbane. Am contactat mai mul\u0163i medici din T\u00e2rgu Mure\u015f ca s\u0103 vorbim despre \u00eemboln\u0103virile care ar putea fi cauzate de combinat, dar p\u00e2n\u0103 la urm\u0103 nimeni nu a \u015fi-a dat acordul pentru un interviu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pe de o parte este de \u00een\u0163eles de ce medicii sunt precau\u0163i. Un specialist care se respect\u0103 nu afirm\u0103 \u00een public lucruri care greu se pot dovedi \u015ftiin\u0163ific.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"150909_azomures_panorama1\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Panorama<\/a>
Panorama ora\u015fului, de pe acela\u015fi loc, cu \u015fi f\u0103r\u0103 poluare. Foto: Varr\u00f3 Istv\u00e1n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Nu exist\u0103 statistici<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Chiar dac\u0103 uria\u0219ul combinat func\u0163ioneaz\u0103 de 50 de ani, Direc\u0163ia de S\u0103n\u0103tate Public\u0103 a Jude\u0163ului Mure\u015f nu<\/a> are<\/a> statistici<\/a> despre impactul emisiilor asupra s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii locuitorilor. \u015etim \u00eens\u0103 c\u0103 doar anul acesta au ap\u0103rut 1900 de cazuri de cancer \u00een jude\u0163ul Mure\u015f, iar num\u0103rul \u00eemboln\u0103virilor este \u00een cre\u015ftere.<\/span><\/p>\n

Exist\u0103 surse care spun c\u0103 Univeristatea de Medicini\u0103 \u0219i Farmacie din T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219 a realizat un studiu despre efectele polu\u0103rii \u00eempreun\u0103 cu Azomure\u0219. Studiul este \u00eens\u0103 de neg\u0103sit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Am vrut s\u0103 afl\u0103m care sunt problemele de s\u0103n\u0103tate cele mai frecvente \u00een r\u00e2ndul angaja\u0163ilor combinatului. Inspectoratul Teritorial de Munc\u0103 Mure\u015f ne-a trimis o statistic\u0103<\/a> despre controalele efectuate la combinat \u015fi rezultatele acestora. Cifrele \u00eens\u0103 nu spun nimic despre natura \u00eemboln\u0103virilor.<\/span><\/p>\n

Contactat telefonic, un fost medic de la Azomure\u015f, specializat \u00een medicina muncii ne-a spus c\u0103 problemele de s\u0103n\u0103tate \u00een r\u00e2ndul angaja\u0163ilor nu sunt at\u00e2t de mari cum se crede.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cCei care au grij\u0103, nu beau, nu fumeaz\u0103, nu au probleme de s\u0103n\u0103tate\u201d \u2013 ne-a spus, \u00eens\u0103 a refuzat s\u0103 ne dea mai multe am\u0103nunte.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sipos Zolt\u00e1n<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Poluarea produs\u0103 de combinat a devenit subiect de discu\u021bie \u00een T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219 doar \u00een ultimii ani. Oamenii protesteaz\u0103 degeaba: compania func\u021bioneaz\u0103 pe baza unei autoriza\u0163ii de mediu emis\u0103 \u00een 2007, care practic \u00eei permite s\u0103-\u015fi continue activitatea poluant\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul anului 2015. \u00cen Ardeal ai parte mereu de un cer senin \u0219i limpede, dar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":27493,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[1343,1344],"ppma_author":[2992],"yoast_head":"\nAzomure\u015f polueaz\u0103, autorit\u0103\u0163ile dau din umeri - \u00c1tl\u00e1tsz\u00f3 Erd\u00e9ly<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/atlatszo.ro\/ro\/romana\/azomures-polueaza-autoritatile-dau-din-umeri-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Azomure\u015f polueaz\u0103, autorit\u0103\u0163ile dau din umeri - \u00c1tl\u00e1tsz\u00f3 Erd\u00e9ly\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Poluarea produs\u0103 de combinat a devenit subiect de discu\u021bie \u00een T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219 doar \u00een ultimii ani. Oamenii protesteaz\u0103 degeaba: compania func\u021bioneaz\u0103 pe baza unei autoriza\u0163ii de mediu emis\u0103 \u00een 2007, care practic \u00eei permite s\u0103-\u015fi continue activitatea poluant\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul anului 2015. \u00cen Ardeal ai parte mereu de un cer senin \u0219i limpede, dar […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/atlatszo.ro\/ro\/romana\/azomures-polueaza-autoritatile-dau-din-umeri-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u00c1tl\u00e1tsz\u00f3 Erd\u00e9ly\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/atlatszoerdely\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-09-19T12:50:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-07-19T13:32:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/atlatszo.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/11911900_1008663065832991_1699893545_n-1-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"650\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"435\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Sipos Zolt\u00e1n\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@erdely_atlatszo\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@erdely_atlatszo\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Scris de\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Sipos Zolt\u00e1n\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Timp estimat pentru citire\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"17 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atlatszo.ro\/ro\/romana\/azomures-polueaza-autoritatile-dau-din-umeri-2\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atlatszo.ro\/ro\/romana\/azomures-polueaza-autoritatile-dau-din-umeri-2\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Sipos Zolt\u00e1n\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/prod2.atlatszo.exot.hu\/#\/schema\/person\/ee224e1443a0476a9a599098fac5507f\"},\"headline\":\"Azomure\u015f polueaz\u0103, autorit\u0103\u0163ile dau din umeri\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-09-19T12:50:27+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2019-07-19T13:32:47+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atlatszo.ro\/ro\/romana\/azomures-polueaza-autoritatile-dau-din-umeri-2\/\"},\"wordCount\":3468,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/prod2.atlatszo.exot.hu\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"Azomures\",\"T\u00e2rgu Mure\u015f\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Rom\u00e2n\u0103\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ro-RO\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/atlatszo.ro\/ro\/romana\/azomures-polueaza-autoritatile-dau-din-umeri-2\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/atlatszo.ro\/ro\/romana\/azomures-polueaza-autoritatile-dau-din-umeri-2\/\",\"name\":\"Azomure\u015f polueaz\u0103, autorit\u0103\u0163ile dau din umeri - 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Az \u00c1tl\u00e1tsz\u00f3 Erd\u00e9ly egyik alap\u00edt\u00f3ja, jelenleg f\u0151szerkeszt\u0151je \u00e9s egyben kiad\u00f3ja is vagyok. Alapk\u00e9pz\u00e9sen filoz\u00f3fi\u00e1t tanultam, majd szociol\u00f3gia mesterit v\u00e9geztem a Babe\u0219-Bolyai Tudom\u00e1nyegyetemen. 2001-t\u0151l 2014-ig a Transindex.ro internetes port\u00e1ln\u00e1l dolgoztam. 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